AC T00026
XX
ID T00026
XX
DT 15.10.1992 (created); ewi.
DT 01.03.2007 (updated); mkl.
CO Copyright (C), QIAGEN.
XX
FA Antp
XX
SY antennapedia; Antp.
XX
OS fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster
OC eukaryota; animalia; metazoa; arthropoda; insecta; diptera; drosophiloidea; drosophilidae
XX
GE G000092 Antp.
XX
CL C0006; homeo.
XX
SZ 378 AA; 42.8 kDa (gene) (calc.).
XX
SQ MTMSTNNCESMTSYFTNSYMGADMHHGHYPGNGVTDLDAQQMHHYSQNANHQGNMPYPRF
SQ PPYDRMPYYNGQGMDQQQQHQVYSRPDSPSSQVGGVMPQAQTNGQLGVPQQQQQQQQQPS
SQ QNQQQQQAQQAPQQLQQQLPQVTQQVTHPQQQQQQPVVYASCKLQAAVGGLGMVPEGGSP
SQ PLVDQMSGHHMNAQMTLPHHMGHPQAQLGYTDVGVPDVTEVHQNHHNMGMYQQQSGVPPV
SQ GAPPQGMMHQGQGPPQMHQGHPGQHTPPSQNPNSQSSGMPSPLYPWMRSQFGKCQERKRG
SQ RQTYTRYQTLELEKEFHFNRYLTRRRRIEIAHALCLTERQIKIWFQNRRMKWKKENKTKG
SQ EPGSGGEGDEITPPNSPQ
XX
SC Swiss-Prot#P02833
XX
FT 295 355 
PS50071; HOMEOBOX_2.
FT 297 359 
SM00389; HOX_1.
FT 298 354 
PF00046; Homeobox domain.
XX
SF 1H-,15N-NMR free in solution and as complex with a 14 bp DNA [16] [3] [4];
SF homeo domain similar to helix-turn-helix motif of the DNA-binding domain of prokaryotic repressors [3];
SF 3 well-defined alpha-helices and a fourth, flexible one [3];
SF the isolated homeo domain binds to DNA as a monomer [5];
SF helix 3 is the recognition helix [3];
SF helix 2 makes additional major groove contacts [4];
SF the loop preceding the helix-turn-helix motif also contacts the DNA, and an arginine close to the amino terminus of the homeo domain performs a minor groove contact [4];
SF this part, which defines the functional difference between Antp and Scr or Ubx, contributes to the overall binding affinity [19] [21];
SF it provides a flexible link between the homeo domain and the rest of the molecule, it is subject of alternative splicing [8] [16];
SF N-terminal arm plus C-terminal tail are required to define embryonal segment identity [21];
SF DNA-binding affinity is 1.6 nM (from equilibrium studies) or 0.18 nM (from kinetic studies) [5];
XX
FF activator of Ubx;
FF homeotic selector gene;
FF transcription is driven by two promoters, P1 and P2, approx. 65 kb apart and exerting differential stage- and tissue-specificity [8] [9] [13] [15];
FF subject to regulation by other homeo domain factors [18];
FF positive autoregulatory loop [7];
XX
MX M02284 I$ANTP_01.
MX M01084 I$ANTP_Q6_01.
XX
BS R09958.
BS R09960.
BS R09961.
BS R09963.
BS R00129.
BS R02504.
BS R02505.
BS R02506.
BS R02622.
BS R01678.
XX
DR TRANSPATH: MO000024654.
DR EMBL: K01948;
DR EMBL: M12009;
DR EMBL: M14496;
DR EMBL: M20704;
DR EMBL: M20705;
DR EMBL: X03790;
DR EMBL: X03791;
DR UniProtKB: P02833;
DR FLYBASE: FBgn0000095; Antp.
DR PDB: 1ahd.
DR PDB: 1hom.
DR PDB: 1san.
DR PDB: 2hoa.
XX
RN [1]; RE0000152.
RX PUBMED: 2567631.
RA Winslow G. M., Hayashi S., Krasnow M., Hogness D. S., Scott M. P.
RT Functional Activation by the Antennapedia and fushi tarazu Proteins in Cultured Drosophila Cells
RL Cell 57:1017-1030 (1989).
RN [2]; RE0002590.
RX PUBMED: 2903553.
RA Mihara H., Kaiser E. T.
RT A chemically synthesized Antennapedia homeo domain binds to a specific DNA sequence
RL Science 242:925-927 (1988).
RN [3]; RE0002783.
RX PUBMED: 2572329.
RA Qian Y. G., Billeter M., Otting G., Mueller M., Gehring W. J., Wuethrich K.
RT The structure of the Antennapedia homeodomain determined ny NMR spectroscopy in solution: comparison with prokaryotic repressors
RL Cell 59:573-580 (1989).
RN [4]; RE0002793.
RX PUBMED: 1976507.
RA Otting G., Qian Y. Q., Billeter M., Mueller M., Affolter M., Gehring W. J., Wuethrich K.
RT Protein-DNA contacts in the structure of a homeodomain-DNA complex determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in solution
RL EMBO J. 9:3085-3092 (1990).
RN [5]; RE0002827.
RX PUBMED: 1971945.
RA Affolter M., Percival-Smith A., Mueller M., Leupin W., Gehring W. J.
RT DNA binding properties of the purified Antennapedia homeodomain
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:4093-4097 (1990).
RN [6]; RE0002965.
RX PUBMED: 7914870.
RA Ekker S. C., Jackson D. G., von Kessler D. P., Sun B. I., Young K. E., Beachy P. A.
RT The degree of variation in DNA sequence recognition among four Drosophila homeotic proteins
RL EMBO J. 13:3551-3560 (1994).
RN [7]; RE0004955.
RX PUBMED: 8096172.
RA Appel B., Sakonju S.
RT Cell-type-specific mechanisms of transcriptional repression by the homeotic gene products UBX and ABD-A in Drosophila embryos
RL EMBO J. 12:1099-1109 (1993).
RN [8]; RE0004961.
RX PUBMED: 10408949.
RA Schneuwly S., Kuroiwa A., Baumgartner P., Gehring W. J.
RT Structural organization and sequence of the homeotic gene Antennapedia of Drosophila melanogaster
RL EMBO J. 5:733-739 (1986).
RN [9]; RE0004962.
RX PUBMED: 6327065.
RA McGinnis W., Garber R. L., Wirz J., Kuroiwa A., Gehring W. J.
RT A homologous protein-coding sequence in Drosophila homeotic genes and its conservation in other metazoans
RL Cell 37:403-408 (1984).
RN [10]; RE0004963.
RX PUBMED: 6330741.
RA Scott M. P., Weiner A.
RT Structural relationships among genes that control develop-ment: Sequence homology between the Antennapedia, Ultrabithorax, and fushi tarazu loci of Droso-phila
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:4115-4119 (1984).
RN [11]; RE0004964.
RX PUBMED: 2879222.
RA Stroeher V. L., Jorgensen E. M., Garber R. L.
RT Multiple transcripts from the anten-napedia gene of Drosophila melanogaster
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:4667-4675 (1986).
RN [12]; RE0004965.
RX PUBMED: 2416463.
RA Regulski M., Harding K., Kostriken R., Karch F., Levine M., McGinnis W. J.
RT Homeo box genes of the antennapedia and bithorax complexes of Drosophila
RL Cell 43:71-80 (1985).
RN [13]; RE0004966.
RX PUBMED: 2879223.
RA Laughon A. S., Boulet A. M., Bermingham J. R., Laymon R. A., Scott M. P.
RT Structure of transcripts from the homeotic Antennapedia gene of Drosophila melanogaster: Two promoters control the major protein-coding region
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:4676-4689 (1986).
RN [14]; RE0004967.
RX PUBMED: 6323992.
RA McGinnis W., Levine M. S., Hafen E., Kuroiwa A., Gehring W. J.
RT A conserved DNA sequence in homeotic genes of the Drosophila Antennapedia and bithorax complexes
RL Nature 308:428-433 (1984).
RN [15]; RE0004968.
RX PUBMED: 1976090.
RA Bermingham jr J. R., Martinez-Arias A., Petitt M. G., Scott M. P.
RT Different patterns of transcription from the two Antennapedia promoters during Drosophila embryogenesis
RL Development 109:553-566 (1990).
RN [16]; RE0004969.
RX PUBMED: 1359544.
RA Qian Y.-Q., Otting G., Furukubo-Tokinaga K., Affolter M., Gehring W. J., Whthrich K.
RT NMR structure determination reveals that the homeodomain is connected through a flexible linker to the main body in the Drosophila Antennapedia protein
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:10738-10742 (1992).
RN [17]; RE0004970.
RX PUBMED: 8101003.
RA Furukubo-Tokunaga K., Flister S., Gehring W. J.
RT Functional specificity of the Antennapedia homeodomain
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:6390-6364 (1993).
RN [18]; RE0004971.
RX PUBMED: 7914367.
RA Saffman E. E., Krasnow M. A.
RT A differential response element for the homeotics at the Antennapedia P1 promoter of Drosophila
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:7420-7424 (1994).
RN [19]; RE0004972.
RX PUBMED: 7909611.
RA Qian Y. Q., Resendez-Perez D., Gehring W. J., Wuethrich K.
RT The des(1-6)Antennapedia homeodomain: Comparison of the NMR solution structure and the DNA-binding affinity with the intact Antennapedia homeodomain
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:4091-4095 (1994).
RN [20]; RE0004973.
RX PUBMED: 2164583.
RA Billeter M., Qian Y.-Q., Otting G., Mueller M., Gehring W. J.
RT Determination of the three-dimensional structure of the Antennapedia homeodomain from Drosophila in solution by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
RL J. Mol. Biol. 214:183-197 (1990).
RN [21]; RE0004974.
RX PUBMED: 8098307.
RA Chan S.-K., Mann R. S.
RT The segment identity functions of Ultrabithorax are contained within its homeodomain and carboxy-terminal seuqences
RL Genes Dev. 7:796-811 (1993).
RN [22]; RE0004975.
RX PUBMED: 7903397.
RA Qian Y.-Q., Otting G., Billeter M., Mueller M., Gehring W. J., Wuethrich K.
RT Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of a DNA complex with the uniformly 13C-labeled Antennapedia homeodomain and structure determination of the DNA-bound homeodomain.
RL J. Mol. Biol. 234:1070-1083 (1993).
RN [23]; RE0004976.
RX PUBMED: 7903398.
RA Billeter M., Qian Y.-Q., Otting G., Mulller M., Gehring W. J., Wutethrich K.
RT Determination of the nuclear magnetic resonance solution structure of an Antennapedia homeodomain-DNA complex
RL J. Mol. Biol. 234:1084-1093 (1993).
XX
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