AC T00487
XX
ID T00487
XX
DT 15.10.1992 (created); ewi.
DT 18.02.2016 (updated); hna.
CO Copyright (C), QIAGEN.
XX
FA Matalpha2p
XX
SY Alpha-2 repressor; alpha2; MATalpha2; MATalpha2 protein; MATalpha2p; Mating-type protein ALPHA2; YCL67C; YCR39C; YCR96C.
XX
OS yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
OC Eukaryota; Fungi; Ascomycota; Hemiascomycetes; Saccharomycetales; Saccharomycetaceae; Saccharomyces.
XX
GE G078425 MATALPHA2.
XX
CL C0006; homeo; F3.1.1.0.5.
XX
SZ 210 AA; 24.3 kDa (gene) (calc.), 24 kDa (SDS)
XX
SQ MNKIPIKDLLNPQITDEFKSSILDINKKLFSICCNLPKLPESVTTEEEVELRDILGFLSR
SQ ANKNRKISDEEKKLLQTTSQLTTTITVLLKEMRSIENDRSNYQLTQKNKSADGLVFNVVT
SQ QDMINKSTKPYRGHRFTKENVRILESWFAKNIENPYLDTKGLENLMKNTSLSRIQIKNWV
SQ SNRRRKEKTITIAPELADLLSGEPLAKKKE
XX
SC Swiss-Prot#P0CY08
XX
FT 1 10 
essential for TUP1 interaction [22].
FT 127 190 
PS50071; HOMEOBOX_2.
FT 128 194 
SM00389; HOX_1.
FT 132 189 
PF00046; Homeobox domain.
FT 173 189 
alpha-helix 3 [12].
XX
SF crystal structure (co-crystals with operator-DNA) and NMR: despite only 27% sequence identity, the DNA-binding domain is similarly folded as that of Engrailed T00253 [12] [14];
SF most conserved residues are important for repressor function in general, N182, K186, and K188 for haploid function only [24];
SF helix 3 forms base-specific and backbone contacts within the major groove [12];
SF nearly antiparallel orientation of helices 1 and 2, both perpendicularly packed across the hydrophobic surface of helix 3 [12];
SF extended conformation N-terminally adjacent to helix 1, fitting into minor groove [12];
SF different DNA-binding specificity of alpha2 homodimers and alpha2/a1 heterodimers [1] [15];
SF probably in a tandem arrangement with a1, alpha2 contacts a definite half-site of the dyad-symmetric site [7];
SF binds together with MCM1 to a-specific operators, contacting the flanking bases of the binding site, whereby exact spacing and orientation being governed by MCM1 [2] [9] [8] [4];
SF some residues (132, 135, 173-188) involved in DNA-binding of homodimers or alpha2/MCM1 heterodimers are dispensable for DNA-binding of alpha2/a1 dimers [23];
SF in contrast, L196 is essential for repression with CM1, but not with a1 [23];
XX
FF repressor of a-specific genes in alpha cells [3];
FF with a1: repressor of haploid-specific genes in diploid cells [1] [17] [18] [15];
FF alpha2 causes stable nucleosome binding adjacent to the operator [13] [5];
FF together with MCM1: specific recognition of STE6 promoter;
FF cooperation with Ssn6-Tup1 required for alpha2/MCM1 action and, probably, also for that of alpha2/a1 [11];
XX
IN T00488 Hmra1p; yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
IN T00487 Matalpha2p; yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
IN T00500 Mcm1p; yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
XX
MX M08889 F$MATALPHA2P_Q4.
MX M00031 F$MATALPHA2_01.
MX M01505 F$MATALPHA2_02.
MX M08193 F$MATALPHA2_08.
MX M01832 F$MATALPHA2_Q4.
XX
BS R03799.
BS R05567.
BS R05568.
BS R05569.
BS R05570.
BS R05571.
BS R05572.
BS R05573.
BS R05574.
BS R05575.
BS R05576.
BS R05577.
BS R05578.
BS R05579.
BS R05580.
BS R72040.
BS R72041.
BS R72042.
BS R72043.
BS R72044.
BS R72045.
BS R72046.
BS R72047.
BS R72048.
BS R72049.
BS R72050.
BS R72051.
BS R72052.
BS R72053.
BS R72054.
BS R72055.
BS R72056.
BS R72057.
BS R72058.
BS R04546.
BS R24646.
BS R00718.
BS R01019.
BS R02482.
BS R24647.
BS R01361.
BS R01363.
BS R01364.
BS R01365.
BS R24645.
BS R27988.
XX
DR EMBL: L00060;
DR EMBL: V01313;
DR EMBL: V01315;
DR EMBL: X59720;
DR UniProtKB: P0CY08; AL2_YEAST.
DR PDB: 1apl.
XX
RN [1]; RE0000104.
RX PUBMED: 3127056.
RA Goutte C., Johnson A. D.
RT a1 Protein Alters the DNA Binding Specificity of alpha2 Repressor
RL Cell 52:875-882 (1988).
RN [2]; RE0000119.
RX PUBMED: 3289753.
RA Keleher C. A., Goutte C., Johnson A. D.
RT The Yeast Cell-Type-Specific Repressor alpha2 Acts Cooperatively with a Non-Cell-Type-Specific Protein
RL Cell 53:927-936 (1988).
RN [3]; RE0000120.
RX PUBMED: 3893743.
RA Johnson A. D., Herskowitz I.
RT A repressor (MATalpha2 product) and its operator control expression of a set of cell type specific genes in yeast
RL Cell 42:237-247 (1985).
RN [4]; RE0000208.
RX PUBMED: 1732062.
RA Smith D. L., Johnson A. D.
RT A molecular mechanism for combinatorial control in yeast: MCM1 protein sets the spacing and orientation of the homeodomains of an alpha2 dimer
RL Cell 68:133-142 (1992).
RN [5]; RE0000489.
RX PUBMED: 1915278.
RA Shimizu M., Roth S. Y., Szent-Gyorgyi C., Simpson R. T.
RT Nucleosomes are positioned with base pair precision to the alpha2 operator in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
RL EMBO J. 10:3033-3041 (1991).
RN [6]; RE0000542.
RX PUBMED: 8137824.
RA Ho C.-Y., Adamson J. G., Hodges R. S., Smith M.
RT Heterodimerization of the yeast MATa1 and MATalpha2 proteins is mediated by two leucine zipper-like coiled-coil motifs
RL EMBO J. 13:1403-1413 (1994).
RN [7]; RE0000546.
RX PUBMED: 7907979.
RA Goutte C., Johnson A. D.
RT Recognition of a DNA operator by a dimer composed of two different homeodomain proteins
RL EMBO J. 13:1434-1442 (1994).
RN [8]; RE0000644.
RX PUBMED: 2673922.
RA Passmore S., Elble R., Tye B.-K.
RT A protein involved in minichromosome maintenance in yeast binds a transcriptional enhancer conserved in eukaryotes
RL Genes Dev. 3:921-935 (1989).
RN [9]; RE0001406.
RX PUBMED: 2689875.
RA Keleher C. A., Passmore S., Johnson A. D.
RT Yeast Repressor alpha2 Binds to Its Operator Cooperatively with Yeast Protein Mcm1
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:5228-5230 (1989).
RN [10]; RE0002627.
RX PUBMED: 2887035.
RA Hall M. N., Johnson A. D.
RT Homeo domain of the yeast repressor alpha2 is a sequence-specific DNA-binding domain but is not sufficient for repression
RL Science 237:1007-1012 (1987).
RN [11]; RE0002780.
RX PUBMED: 1739976.
RA Keleher C. A., Redd M. J., Schultz J., Carlson M., Johnson A. D.
RT Ssn6-Tup1 is a general repressor of transcription in yeast
RL Cell 68:709-719 (1992).
RN [12]; RE0002781.
RX PUBMED: 1682054.
RA Wolberger C., Vershon A. K., Liu B., Johnson A. D., Pabo C. O.
RT Crystal structure of a MATalpha2 homeodomain-operator complex suggests a general model for homeodomain-DNA interactions
RL Cell 67:517-528 (1991).
RN [13]; RE0002798.
RX PUBMED: 1547940.
RA Roth S. Y., Shimizu M., Johnson L., Grunstein M., Simpson R. T.
RT Stable nucleosome positioning and complete repression by the yeast alpha2 repressor are disrupted by amino-terminal mutations in histone H4
RL Genes Dev. 6:411-425 (1992).
RN [14]; RE0002800.
RX PUBMED: 1673952.
RA Phillips C. L., Vershon A. K., Johnson A. D., Dahlquist F. W.
RT Secondary structure of the homeo domain of yeast alpha2 repressor determined by NMR spectroscopy
RL Genes Dev. 5:764-772 (1991).
RN [15]; RE0002819.
RX PUBMED: 1977088.
RA Dranginis A. M.
RT Binding of yeast a1 and alpha2 as a heterodimer to the operator DNA of a haploid-specific gene
RL Nature 347:682-685 (1990).
RN [16]; RE0002875.
RX PUBMED: 1756728.
RA Primig M., Winkler H., Ammerer G.
RT The DNA binding and oligomerization domain of MCM1 is sufficient for its interaction with other regulatory proteins
RL EMBO J. 10:4209-4218 (1991).
RN [17]; RE0005138.
RX PUBMED: 7031257.
RA Strathern J., Hicks J., Herskowitz I.
RT Control of cell type in yeast by the mating type locus
RL J. Mol. Biol. 147:357-372 (1981).
RN [18]; RE0005139.
RX PUBMED: 3887184.
RA Miller A. M., Mackay V. L., Nasmyth K. A.
RT Identification and comparison of two sequence elements that confer cell-type specific transcription in yeast
RL Nature 314:598-603 (1985).
RN [19]; RE0005140.
RX PUBMED: 1647011.
RA Hochstrasser M., Ellison M. J., Chau V., Varshavsky A.
RT The short-lived MATalpha2 transcriptional regulator is ubiquitinated in vivo
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:4606-4610 (1991).
RN [20]; RE0005141.
RX PUBMED: 8422672.
RA Vershon A. K., Johnson A. D.
RT A short, disordered protein region mediates interactions between the homeodomain of the yeast alpha2 protein and the MCM1 protein
RL Cell 72:105-112 (1993).
RN [21]; RE0005142.
RX PUBMED: 8321210.
RA Herschbach B. M., Johnson A. D.
RT The yeast alpha2 protein can repress transcription by RNA polymerases I and II but not III
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:4029-4038 (1993).
RN [22]; RE0005143.
RX PUBMED: 7995523.
RA Komachi K., Redd M. J., Johnson A. D.
RT The WD repeats of Tup1 interact with the homeo domain protein alpha2
RL Genes Dev. 8:2857-2867 (1994).
RN [23]; RE0005144.
RX PUBMED: 7851792.
RA Vershon A. K., Jin Y., Johnson A. D.
RT A homeo domain protein lacking specific side chains of helix 3 can still bind DNA and direct transcriptional repression
RL Genes Dev. 9:182-192 (1995).
RN [24]; RE0005145.
RX PUBMED: 3517656.
RA Porter S. D., Smith A.
RT Homeo-domain homology in yeast MATalpha2 is essential for repressor activity
RL Nature 320:766-768 (1986).
XX
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