AC T00035
XX
ID T00035
XX
DT 15.10.1992 (created); ewi.
DT 26.08.2014 (updated); hna.
CO Copyright (C), QIAGEN.
XX
FA AP-2alphaA
XX
SY activator protein 2; AP-2; AP-2A; AP-2alpha; Ker-1; KER1.
XX
OS human, Homo sapiens
OC eukaryota; animalia; metazoa; chordata; vertebrata; tetrapoda; mammalia; eutheria; primates
XX
GE G002615 TFAP2A; HGNC: TFAP2A.
XX
CL C0032; bHSH; 1.3.1.0.1.1.
XX
SZ 437 AA; 48.1 kDa (cDNA) (calc.), 50, 52 kDa (SDS) [6]
XX
SQ MLWKLTDNIKYEDCEDRHDGTSNGTARLPQLGTVGQSPYTSAPPLSHTPNADFQPPYFPP
SQ PYQPIYPQSQDPYSHVNDPYSLNPLHAQPQPQHPGWPGQRQSQESGLLHTHRGLPHQLSG
SQ LDPRRDYRRHEDLLHGPHALSSGLGDLSIHSLPHAIEEVPHVEDPGINIPDQTVIKKGPV
SQ SLSKSNSNAVSAIPINKDNLFGGVVNPNEVFCSVPGRLSLLSSTSKYKVTVAEVQRRLSP
SQ PECLNASLLGGVLRRAKSKNGGRSLREKLDKIGLNLPAGRRKAANVTLLTSLVEGEAVHL
SQ ARDFGYVCETEFPAKAVAEFLNRQHSDPNEQVTRKNMLLATKQICKEFTDLLAQDRSPLG
SQ NSRPNPILEPGIQSCLTHFNLISHGFGSPAVCAAVTALQNYLTEALKAMDKMYLSNNPNS
SQ HTDNNAKSSDKEEKHRK
XX
SC Swiss-Prot#P05549-1
XX
FT 31 77 
trans-activation domain [6].
FT 51 117 
proline rich region [19].
FT 51 203 
transactivation domain [19].
FT 118 203 
acidic rich region [19].
FT 123 171 
trans-activation supporting region [6].
FT 166 278 
DNA-binding basic domain [6].
FT 166 409 
DNA-binding and dimerization domain [6].
FT 203 227 
DNA binding region [19].
FT 207 414 
PF03299; Transcription factor AP-2.
FT 227 437 
Dimerizatin domain [19].
FT 278 409 dimerization domain [6].
FT 280 410 putative helix-span-helix region (HSH) [12].
FT 283 307 helix I [12].
FT 308 389 span [12].
FT 390 410 helix II [12].
XX
SF splice variant is AP-2alphaB T02466;
SF the putative HSH motif serves as dimerization interface, the adjacent basic region as DNA-contacting region [12];
SF C-terminal part interacts with the bHLH-ZIP domain of c-Myc, but not of Max or Mad [11];
XX
CP (HeLa); keratinocytes [7].
CN (HepG2) [6].
XX
FF Induction of AP-2 gene expression during trophoblast differentiation in vitro [19];
FF AP-2 mRNA levels increase in conjunction with the stimulation of alpha G000271 and CGbeta G000226 genes is consistent with a role of AP-2 in the regulation of these genes in the placenta [19];
FF can function as activator or repressor depending on the promoter context;
FF activator [16] [5] [13];
FF repressor of liver-specific genes in non-liver cells [18];
FF controls keratinocyte-specific gene expression [7];
FF negatively regulates trans-activation exerted by c-Myc [11];
FF high-level expression causes "self-interference", e. g. in N-ras transformed cells [14];
FF appears to be involved in gene responses to PKA- and PKC-mediated signals [1];
FF repressed by adenoviral factor E1A 12S [15];
FF synergistic interaction with YB-1 [16];
FF involved in adrenomedullin expression [17];
XX
IN T00035 AP-2alphaA; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00140 c-Myc-isoform1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00967 E1A 12S protein; adenovirus.
IN T08326 Sp1; Mammalia.
IN T00910 YB-1; human, Homo sapiens.
XX
MX M00469 V$AP2ALPHA_01.
MX M01045 V$AP2ALPHA_02.
MX M01047 V$AP2ALPHA_03.
MX M07348 V$AP2ALPHA_Q4.
MX M01857 V$AP2ALPHA_Q6.
MX M00800 V$AP2_Q3.
MX M08867 V$AP2_Q4.
MX M00189 V$AP2_Q6.
MX M00915 V$AP2_Q6_01.
XX
BS R02121.
BS R05065.
BS R17075.
BS R16376.
BS R16377.
BS R16378.
BS R16379.
BS R16380.
BS R16381.
BS R16382.
BS R16383.
BS R16384.
BS R16385.
BS R16386.
BS R16387.
BS R16388.
BS R16389.
BS R16390.
BS R16391.
BS R16392.
BS R16393.
BS R16394.
BS R16395.
BS R16396.
BS R16397.
BS R16398.
BS R16399.
BS R16400.
BS R16401.
BS R16402.
BS R16403.
BS R16404.
BS R16405.
BS R16406.
BS R16407.
BS R16408.
BS R16409.
BS R16410.
BS R16411.
BS R16412.
BS R16413.
BS R16414.
BS R16415.
BS R16416.
BS R16417.
BS R16418.
BS R16419.
BS R16420.
BS R16421.
BS R16422.
BS R16423.
BS R16424.
BS R16425.
BS R16426.
BS R16427.
BS R16428.
BS R16429.
BS R16430.
BS R16431.
BS R16432.
BS R16433.
BS R16434.
BS R16435.
BS R16436.
BS R16437.
BS R16438.
BS R16439.
BS R16440.
BS R16441.
BS R16442.
BS R16443.
BS R16444.
BS R16445.
BS R16474.
BS R16475.
BS R16476.
BS R16477.
BS R16478.
BS R16479.
BS R16480.
BS R16481.
BS R16482.
BS R16483.
BS R16484.
BS R16485.
BS R00183.
BS R11590.
BS R03661.
BS R03666.
BS R02425.
BS R04453.
BS R16620.
BS R04379.
BS R21772.
BS R18709.
BS R18721.
BS R18723.
BS R18725.
BS R14555.
BS R04125.
BS R04126.
BS R00608.
BS R16596.
BS R18701.
BS R13305.
BS R04952.
BS R00958.
BS R00959.
BS R17074.
BS R03674.
BS R21377.
BS R21378.
BS R04999.
BS R05002.
BS R63598.
BS R63625.
BS R02462.
BS R05043.
BS R01031.
BS R01032.
BS R01034.
BS R01035.
BS R16374.
BS R18717.
BS R01157.
BS R01158.
BS R04415.
BS R01261.
BS R18832.
BS R18833.
BS R16994.
BS R16997.
BS R16998.
BS R16999.
BS R17000.
BS R17001.
BS R17002.
BS R17003.
BS R17004.
BS R17005.
BS R17006.
BS R17007.
BS R17008.
BS R17009.
BS R02795.
BS R02698.
BS R02701.
BS R02702.
BS R02190.
BS R08502.
BS R01054.
BS R01055.
BS R16599.
BS R04670.
BS R08882.
BS R04414.
BS R16618.
BS R16619.
BS R01390.
BS R01404.
XX
DR TRANSPATH: MO000032262.
DR EMBL: X52611; HSAP2.
DR UniProtKB: P05549-1;
XX
RN [1]; RE0000048.
RX PUBMED: 2822255.
RA Imagawa M., Chiu R., Karin M.
RT Transcription factor AP-2 mediates induction by two different signal transduction pathways: Protein kinase C and cAMP
RL Cell 51:251-260 (1987).
RN [2]; RE0000105.
RX PUBMED: 3040262.
RA Mitchell P., Wang C., Tjian R.
RT Positive and Negative Regulation of Transcription In Vitro: Enhancer-Binding Protein AP-2 Is Inhibited by SV40 T Antigen
RL Cell 50:847-861 (1987).
RN [3]; RE0000398.
RX PUBMED: 2850173.
RA Comb M., Mermod N., Hyman S. E., Pearlberg J., Ross M. E., Goodman H. M.
RT Proteins bound adjacent DNA elements act synergistically to regulate human proenkephalin cAMP inducible transcription
RL EMBO J. 7:3793-3805 (1988).
RN [4]; RE0000404.
RX PUBMED: 2548845.
RA Mercurio F., Karin M.
RT Transcription factors AP-3 and AP-2 interact with the SV40 enhancer in a mutually exclusive manner
RL EMBO J. 8:1455-1460 (1989).
RN [5]; RE0000632.
RX PUBMED: 3063603.
RA Williams T., Admon A., Luescher B., Tjian R.
RT Cloning and expression of AP-2, a cell-type-specific transcription factor that activates inducible enhancer elements
RL Genes Dev. 2:1557-1569 (1988).
RN [6]; RE0000663.
RX PUBMED: 2010091.
RA Williams T., Tjian R.
RT Analysis of the DNA-binding and activation properties of the human transcription factor AP-2
RL Genes Dev. 5:670-682 (1991).
RN [7]; RE0000681.
RX PUBMED: 1703506.
RA Leask A., Rosenberg M., Vassar R., Fuchs E.
RT Regulation of a human epidermal keratin gene: sequences and nuclear factors involved in keratinocyte-specific transcription
RL Genes Dev. 4:1985-1998 (1990).
RN [8]; RE0001824.
RX PUBMED: 2821407.
RA Chiu R., Imagawa M., Imbra R. J., Bockoven J. R., Karin M.
RT Multiple cis- and trans-acting elements mediate the transcriptional response to phorbol esters
RL Nature 329:648-651 (1987).
RN [9]; RE0001985.
RX PUBMED: 2308836.
RA Courtois S. J., Lafontaine D. A., Lemaigre F. P., Durviaux S. M., Rousseau G. G.
RT Nuclear factor-I and activator protein-2 bind in a mutually exclusive way to overlapping promoter sequences and trans-activate the human growth hormone gene
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 18:57-64 (1990).
RN [10]; RE0002077.
RX PUBMED: 1695733.
RA Comb M., Goodman H. M.
RT CpG methylation inhibits proenkephalin gene expression and binding of the transcription factor AP-2
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 18:3975-3982 (1990).
RN [11]; RE0005819.
RX PUBMED: 7729426.
RA Gaubatz S., Imhof A., Dosch R., Werner O., Mitchell P., Buettner R., Eilers M.
RT Transcriptional avtivation by Myc is under negative control by the transcription factor AP-2
RL EMBO J. 14:1508-1519 (1995).
RN [12]; RE0006889.
RX PUBMED: 1998122.
RA Williams T., Tjian R.
RT Characterization of a dimerization motif in AP-2 and its function in heterologous DNA-binding proteins
RL Science 251:1067-1071 (1991).
RN [13]; RE0006890.
RX PUBMED: 1628621.
RA Muchardt C., Seeler J. S., Nirula A., Gong S., Gaynor R.
RT Transcription factor AP-2 activates gene expression of HTLV-I
RL EMBO J. 11:2573-2581 (1992).
RN [14]; RE0006892.
RX PUBMED: 7926729.
RA Kannan P., Buettner R., Chiao P. J., Yim S. O., Sarkiss M., Tainsky M. A.
RT N-ras oncogene causes AP-2 transcriptional self-interference, which leads to transformation
RL Genes Dev. 8:1258-1269 (1994).
RN [15]; RE0006893.
RX PUBMED: 8610173.
RA Somasundaram K., Jayaraman G., Williams T., Moran E., Frisch S., Thimmapaya B.
RT Repression of a matrix metalloprotease gene by E1A correlates with its ability to bind to cell type-specific transcription factor AP-2
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:3088-3093 (1996).
RN [16]; RE0014421.
RX PUBMED: 9830047.
RA Mertens P. R., Alfonso-Jaume M. A., Steinmann K., Lovett D. H.
RT A synergistic interaction of transcription factors AP2 and YB-1 regulates gelatinase A enhancer-dependent transcription
RL J. Biol. Chem. 273:32957-32965 (1998).
RN [17]; RE0017084.
RX PUBMED: 10848972.
RA Nakayama M., Takahashi K., Kitamuro T., Murakami O., Shirato K., Shibahara S.
RT Transcriptional control of adrenomedullin induction by phorbol ester in human monocytic leukemia cells
RL Eur. J. Biochem. 267:3559-3566 (2000).
RN [18]; RE0017729.
RX PUBMED: 11278660.
RA Ren Y., Liao W. S.
RT Transcription factor AP-2 functions as a repressor that contributes to the liver-specific expression of serum amyloid A1 gene.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 276:17770-17778 (2001).
RN [19]; RE0035621.
RX PUBMED: 9182571.
RA Johnson W., Albanese C., Handwerger S., Williams T., Pestell R. G., Jameson J. L.
RT Regulation of the human chorionic gonadotropin alpha- and beta-subunit promoters by AP-2.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 272:15405-15412 (1997).
XX
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