AC T02451
XX
ID T02451
XX
DT 07.05.1998 (created); ili.
DT 29.11.2005 (updated); mkl.
CO Copyright (C), QIAGEN.
XX
FA groucho
XX
OS fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster
OC eukaryota; animalia; metazoa; arthropoda; insecta; diptera; drosophiloidea; drosophilidae
XX
HO TLE (mammalia), Tup1p (yeast).
XX
SZ 719 AA; 78.9 kDa (cDNA) (calc.), 85 kDa (SDS) [5], 110 kDa (SDS) [5] [5]
XX
SQ MYPSPVRHPAAGGPPPQGPIKFTIADTLERIKEEFNFLQAHYHSIKLECEKLSNEKTEMQ
SQ RHYVMYYEMSYGLNVEMHKQTEIAKRLNTLINQLLPFLQADHQQQVLQAVERAKQVTMQE
SQ LNLIIGQQIHAQQVPGGPPQPMGALNPFGALGATMGLPHGPQGLLNKPPEHHRPDIKPTG
SQ LEGPAAAEERLRNSVSPADREKYRTRSPLDIENDSKRRKDEKLQEDEGEKSDQDLVVDVA
SQ NEMESHSPRPNGEHVSMEVRDRESLNGERLEKPSSSGIKQERPPSRSGSSSSRSTPSLKT
SQ KDMEKPGTPGAKARTPTPNAAAPAPGVNPKQMMPQGPPPAGYPGAPYQRPADPYQRPPSD
SQ PAYGRPPPMPYDPHAHVRTNGIPHPSALTGGKPAYSFHMNGEGSLQPVPFPPDALVGVGI
SQ PRHARQINTLSHGEVVCAVTISNPTKYVYTGGKGCVKVWDISQPGNKNPVSQLDCLQRDN
SQ YIRSVKLLPDGRTLIVGGEASNLSIWDLASPTPRIKAELTSAAPACYALAISPDSKVCFS
SQ CCSDGNIAVWDLHNEILVRQFQGHTDGASCIDISPDGSRLWTGGLDNTVRSWDLREGRQL
SQ QQHDFSSQIFSLGYCPTGDWLAVGMENSHVEVLHASKPDKYQLHLHESCVLSLRFAACGK
SQ WFVSTGKDNLLNAWRTPYGASIFQSKETSSVLSCDISTDDKYIVTGSGDKKATVYEVIY
XX
FT 1 132 
Q domain [6].
FT 1 137 
PF03920; Groucho/TLE N-terminal Q-rich domain.
FT 38 699 
PF00478; IMP dehydrogenase / GMP reductase domain.
FT 133 190 
GP domain [6].
FT 191 255 
CcN domain [6].
FT 256 397 
SP domain [6].
FT 398 719 
WD 40 domain [6].
FT 423 460 
SM00320; WD40_4.
FT 425 460 
PF00400; WD40.
FT 429 602 
PS50294; WD_REPEATS_REGION.
FT 469 507 SM00320; WD40_4.
FT 470 507 PF00400; WD40.
FT 512 551 SM00320; WD40_4.
FT 514 551 PF00400; WD40.
FT 519 560 PS50082; WD_REPEATS_2.
FT 554 593 SM00320; WD40_4.
FT 556 593 PF00400; WD40.
FT 561 602 PS50082; WD_REPEATS_2.
FT 596 634 SM00320; WD40_4.
FT 636 675 SM00320; WD40_4.
FT 638 675 PF00400; WD40.
FT 643 674 PS50082; WD_REPEATS_2.
FT 643 719 PS50294; WD_REPEATS_REGION.
FT 676 716 SM00320; WD40_4.
FT 679 716 PF00400; WD40.
XX
SF N-terminal Gln-rich region required for protein dimerization, S/T/P-rich region, C-terminal tandem WD repeats [3];
SF phosphorylated, mostly on S [5];
SF 110 kDa form seems to be enriched in the nucleus [5];
SF member of the wingless/ wnt signalling pathway;
SF wingless signals stabilize armadillo which activates transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family which in reply activate expression of wingless-responsive genes;
SF in absence of armadillo TCF/LEF acts as an repressor of wingless responsive genes and groucho seems to be a corepressor in this process [7];
XX
CP ubiquitous [8].
XX
FF transcriptional co-repressor [9] [3];
FF able to repress basal and activated transcription [3];
FF identified on the basis of its physical proximity to, and genetic interactions with, members of the Enhancer of split-complex [3];
FF required for proper terminal patterning [3];
FF may be recruited by the WRP(W/Y) motif [2] [3];
FF embryonic development depends on maternally provided groucho [1];
XX
IN T00196 Dl; fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster.
IN T04679 dri; fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster.
IN T00253 En; fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster.
IN T00345 H; fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster.
IN T01066 runt; fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster.
XX
DR TRANSPATH: MO000026434.
DR EMBL: M20571;
DR UniProtKB: P16371;
XX
RN [1]; RE0003668.
RX PUBMED: 8001118.
RA Paroush Z., Finley jr R. L., Kidd T., Wainwright S. M., Ingham P. W., Brent R., Ish-Horowicz D.
RT Groucho is required for Drosophila neurogenesis, segmentation, and sex determination and interacts directly with hairy-related bHLH proteins
RL Cell 79:805-815 (1994).
RN [2]; RE0006216.
RX PUBMED: 9271433.
RA Aronson B. D., Fisher A. L., Blechman K., Caudy M., Gergen J. P.
RT Groucho-dependent and -independent repression activities of runt domain proteins
RL Mol. Biol. Cell 17:5581-5587 (1997).
RN [3]; RE0006860.
RX PUBMED: 9594657.
RA Parkhurst S. M.
RT Groucho: making its Marx as a transcriptional co-repressor
RL Trends Genet. 14:130-132 (1998).
RN [4]; RE0006861.
RX PUBMED: 3142687.
RA Hartley D. A., Preiss A., Artavanis-Tsakonas S.
RT A deduced gene product from the Drosophila neurogenic locus, enhancer of split, shows homology to mammalian G-protein beta subunit
RL Cell 55:785-795 (1988).
RN [5]; RE0007017.
RX PUBMED: 8713081.
RA Hsain J., Lo R., Grbavec D., Stifani S.
RT Affinity for the nuclear compartment and expression during cell differentiation implicate phosphorylated Groucho/TLE1 forms of higher molecular mass in nuclear functions
RL Biochem. J. 317:523-531 (1996).
RN [6]; RE0014087.
RX PUBMED: 9783587.
RA Roose J., Molenaar M., Peterson J., Hurenkamp J., Brantjes H., Moerer P., van de Wetering M., Destree O., Clevers H.
RT The Xenopus Wnt effector XTcf-3 interacts with Groucho-related transcriptional repressors
RL Nature 395:608-612 (1998).
RN [7]; RE0014219.
RX PUBMED: 9783586.
RA Cavallo R. A., Cox R. T., Moline M. M., Roose J., Polevoy G. A., Clevers H., Peifer M., Bejsovec A.
RT Drosophila Tcf and Groucho interact to repress Wingless signalling activity
RL Nature 395:604-608 (1998).
RN [8]; RE0014556.
RX PUBMED: 1752423.
RA Delidakis C., Preiss A., Hartley D. A., Artavanis-Tsakonas S.
RT Two genetically and molecularly distinct functions involved in early neurogenesis reside within the Enhancer of split locus of Drosophila melanogaster
RL Genetics 129:803-823 (1991).
RN [9]; RE0025509.
RX PUBMED: 9774673.
RA Valentine S. A., Chen G., Shandala T., Fernandez J., Mische S., Saint R., Courey A. J.
RT Dorsal-mediated repression requires the formation of a multiprotein repression complex at the ventral silencer.
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:6584-6594 (1998).
XX
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