AC T00250
XX
ID T00250
XX
DT 26.10.1992 (created); ewi.
DT 18.01.2016 (updated); sup.
CO Copyright (C), QIAGEN.
XX
FA Elk-1
XX
SY Elk-1; Elk1; ELK1, member of ETS oncogene family; p62TCF; TCF-A.
XX
OS human, Homo sapiens
OC eukaryota; animalia; metazoa; chordata; vertebrata; tetrapoda; mammalia; eutheria; primates
XX
GE G003924 ELK1; HGNC: Elk1.
XX
CL C0016; ETS; 3.5.2.2.1.
XX
SF CD, NMR, fluorescence: DNA-binding domain is an independently folded domain of alpha-helices and beta-sheet elements, the 3 conserved Trp being part of a hydrophobic core [8];
SF high DNA-binding affinity (Kd = 85 pM) and specificity [8];
SF no significant bending induced [8];
SF trans-activating domain is located within the C-terminal part of the molecule with particular importance of Phe-378 and W379 [3] [12] [15];
SF C-terminus mediates insulin-increased gene transcription [21];
SF chromosomal location of the gene is near a breakpoint found in synovial sarcomas leading to the translocation t(X;
SF 18)(p11.2;
SF q11.2) [14];
SF Box B (SRF-binding domain) is conserved between Elk-1, SAP-1 and SAP-2 [2];
SF Box A (Ets domain) is necessary for interactions with C/EBPbeta [20];
XX
CP lung, testis; HeLa, BL2, Ramos, K562, Jurkat, E418, Saos, IARC-EW17 [19].
XX
FF activator [15] [20] [6];
FF suppresses smooth muscle gene expression [24];
FF cooperates with SRF or MCM1 on some promoters [26] [15] [6];
FF forms ternary complexes SRF-Elk1-DNA on several promoters [25] [26] [27] [11] [16];
FF growth factor-dependent phosphorylation in vivo at MAP kinase in vitro sites enhances transcriptional activation by Elk-1 [3] [10] [12] [13] [15];
FF downstream target of Raf-1 [10];
FF mediates insulin-increased transcription of the prolactin gene in pituitary cells [21];
FF LPS, Micrococcus and bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN) induces rapid but transient phosphorylation of ELK-1 [22];
FF phosphorylation by ERK1 or ERK2 stimulates ternary complex formation with SRF and c-fos SRE [9];
FF interacts with SRF T00766 and can displace myocardin from its binding site on SRF [24];
FF inducible in ML-1 (pre-monocytic cell line) [25];
FF interaction of Elk-1 (via its B-box) with SRF is required for both transcriptional activation by Elk-1 and inhibition of RhoA-actin signaling to SRF [23];
XX
IN T00040 AR; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T02872 beta-catenin; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T04074 brca1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T15204 brca1; Mammalia.
IN T00459 C/EBPbeta-FL; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
IN T01420 C/EBPbeta-LIP; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
IN T02718 HIF2A; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00765 SRF-L; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T00761 SRF; chick, Gallus gallus.
IN T00762 SRF; cat, Felis silvestris catus.
IN T00763 SRF; clawed frog, Xenopus laevis.
IN T00764 SRF; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00766 SRF; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
XX
MX M00007 V$ELK1_01.
MX M00025 V$ELK1_02.
MX M01163 V$ELK1_03.
MX M01165 V$ELK1_04.
MX M02059 V$ELK1_06.
MX M03970 V$ELK1_08.
MX M07252 V$ELK1_Q4.
MX M03819 V$ELK1_Q6.
MX M00771 V$ETS_Q4.
MX M00971 V$ETS_Q6.
XX
BS R03592.
BS R03593.
BS R03594.
BS R03595.
BS R03596.
BS R03597.
BS R03598.
BS R03599.
BS R03600.
BS R03601.
BS R03602.
BS R03603.
BS R03604.
BS R05153.
BS R05154.
BS R05155.
BS R05156.
BS R05462.
BS R05463.
BS R05464.
BS R05465.
BS R05466.
BS R05467.
BS R05468.
BS R05469.
BS R05470.
BS R05471.
BS R05472.
BS R05473.
BS R05474.
BS R05475.
BS R05476.
BS R05477.
BS R05478.
BS R05479.
BS R05480.
BS R05481.
BS R05482.
BS R05483.
BS R05484.
BS R05485.
BS R05486.
BS R05487.
BS R05488.
BS R05489.
BS R05490.
BS R05491.
BS R05492.
BS R23375.
BS R23380.
BS R23381.
BS R23382.
BS R23383.
BS R23384.
BS R23385.
BS R23386.
BS R23387.
BS R23388.
BS R23389.
BS R23390.
BS R23391.
BS R23392.
BS R23393.
BS R23423.
BS R23425.
BS R23426.
BS R23427.
BS R23428.
BS R23429.
BS R23430.
BS R23431.
BS R23432.
BS R23433.
BS R23434.
BS R02386.
BS R03591.
BS R04531.
BS R16073.
BS R19692.
BS R35551.
BS R72225.
BS R33327.
BS R70338.
BS R70339.
BS R37791.
BS R26622.
BS R32044.
BS R14636.
BS R33250.
BS R00460.
BS R59143.
BS R40046.
BS R72958.
BS R31525.
BS R57286.
BS R19621.
BS R63609.
BS R65517.
BS R39489.
BS R34229.
BS R60770.
BS R58802.
BS R58803.
BS R23149.
BS R33577.
BS R71393.
BS R71394.
BS R28572.
BS R14803.
BS R27925.
BS R71713.
BS R38907.
BS R38908.
BS R16589.
BS R28506.
BS R28509.
BS R25205.
BS R60609.
BS R36824.
BS R00961.
BS R73925.
BS R31570.
BS R01224.
BS R15762.
BS R29368.
BS R16071.
BS R03582.
XX
DR TRANSPATH: MO000019544.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00022.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00127.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00270.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00431.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00433.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00434.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00437.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00532.
DR UniProtKB: P19419; ELK1_HUMAN.
XX
RN [1]; RE0000068.
RX PUBMED: 2492906.
RA Shaw P. E., Schroeter H., Nordheim A.
RT The Ability of a Ternary Complex to Form Over the Serum Response Element Correlates with Serum Inducibility of the Human c-fos Promoter
RL Cell 56:563-572 (1989).
RN [2]; RE0000195.
RX PUBMED: 1339307.
RA Dalton S., Treisman R.
RT Characterization of SAP-1, a protein recruited by serum response factor to the c-fos serum response element
RL Cell 68:597-612 (1992).
RN [3]; RE0000280.
RX PUBMED: 8386592.
RA Marais R., Wynne J., Treisman R.
RT The SRF accessory protein Elk-1 contains a growth factor-regulated transcriptional activation domain
RL Cell 73:381-393 (1993).
RN [4]; RE0000343.
RX PUBMED: 2108863.
RA Schroeter H., Mueller C. G. F., Meese K., Nordheim A.
RT Synergism in ternary complex formation between the dimeric glycoprotein p67SRF, polypeptide p62TCF and the c-fos serum response element
RL EMBO J. 9:1123-1130 (1990).
RN [5]; RE0000531.
RX PUBMED: 1425594.
RA Treisman R., Marais R., Wynne J.
RT Spatial flexibility in ternary complexes between SRF and its accessory proteins
RL EMBO J. 11:4631-4640 (1992).
RN [6]; RE0001867.
RX PUBMED: 1722028.
RA Hipskind R. A., Rao V. N., Mueller C. G. F., Reddy E. S. P., Nordheim A.
RT Ets-related protein Elk-1 is homologous to the c-fos regulatory factor p62TCF
RL Nature 354:531-534 (1991).
RN [7]; RE0002240.
RX PUBMED: 1741166.
RA Rao V. N., Reddy E. Sh. P.
RT A divergent ets-related protein, Elk-1, recognizes similar c-ets-1 proto-oncogene target sequences and acts as a transcriptional activator
RL Oncogene 7:65-70 (1992).
RN [8]; RE0003844.
RX PUBMED: 7890710.
RA Shore P., Bisset L., Lakey J., Waltho J. P., Virden R., Sharrocks A. D.
RT Characterization of the Elk-1 ETS DNA-binding domain
RL J. Biol. Chem. 270:5805-5811 (1995).
RN [9]; RE0004468.
RX PUBMED: 8668149.
RA Shore P., Whitmarsh A. J., Bhaskaran R., Davis R. J., Waltho J. P., Sharrocks A. D.
RT Determinants of DNA-binding specificity of ets-domain transcription factors
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:3338-3349 (1996).
RN [10]; RE0005330.
RX PUBMED: 8262053.
RA Janknecht R., Ernst W. H., Pingoud V., Nordheim A.
RT Acitvation of ternary complex factor Elk-1 by MAP kinases
RL EMBO J. 12:5097-5104 (1993).
RN [11]; RE0005331.
RX PUBMED: 8164681.
RA Shore P., Sharrocks A. D.
RT The transcriptional factors Elk-1 and serum response factor interact by direct protein-protein contacts mediated by a short region of Elk-1
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:3283-3291 (1994).
RN [12]; RE0005332.
RX PUBMED: 7540136.
RA Price M. A., Rogers A. E., Treisman R.
RT Comparative analysis of the ternary complex factors Elk-1, SAP-1a and SAP-2 (ERP/NET)
RL EMBO J. 14:2589-2601 (1995).
RN [13]; RE0005333.
RX PUBMED: 7889942.
RA Gille H., Kortenjann M., Thomae O., Moomaw C., Slaughter C., Cobb M. H., Shaw P. E.
RT ERK phosphorylation potentiates Elk-1-mediated ternary complex formation and transactivation
RL EMBO J. 14:951-962 (1995).
RN [14]; RE0005334.
RX PUBMED: 2539641.
RA Rao V. N., Huebner K., Isobe M., Ar-rushdi A., Croce C. M., Reddy E. S.
RT elk, tissue-specific ets-related genes on chromosomes X and 14 near translocation breakpoints
RL Science 244:66-70 (1989).
RN [15]; RE0005335.
RX PUBMED: 8477450.
RA Hill C. S., Marais R., John S., Wynne J., Dalton S., Treisman R.
RT Functional analysis of a growth factor-responsive transcription factor complex
RL Cell 73:395-406 (1993).
RN [16]; RE0005372.
RX PUBMED: 1630903.
RA Janknecht R., Nordheim A.
RT Elk-1 protein domains required for direct and SRF-assisted DNA-binding
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 20:3317-3324 (1992).
RN [17]; RE0015299.
RX PUBMED: 9553110.
RA Ling Y., West A. G., Roberts E. C., Lakey J. H., Sharrocks A. D.
RT Interaction of transcription factors with serum response factor. Identification of the Elk-1 binding surface
RL J. Biol. Chem. 273:10506-10514 (1998).
RN [18]; RE0015343.
RX PUBMED: 9171356.
RA Ling Y., Lakey J. H., Roberts C. E., Sharrocks A.D.
RT Molecular characterization of the B-box protein-protein interaction motif of the ETS-domain transcription factor Elk-1
RL EMBO J. 16:2431-2440 (1997).
RN [19]; RE0015517.
RX PUBMED: 8764983.
RA Magnaghi-Jaulin L., Masutani H., Lipinski M., Harel-Bellan A.
RT Analysis of SRF, SAP-1 and ELK-1 transcripts and proteins in human cell lines
RL FEBS Lett. 391:247-251 (1996).
RN [20]; RE0016725.
RX PUBMED: 11151091.
RA Hanlon M., Bundy L. M., Sealy L.
RT C/EBPBeta and Elk-1 synergistically transactivate the c-fos serum response element.
RL BMC Cell Biol. 1:2 (2000).
RN [21]; RE0023726.
RX PUBMED: 11340077.
RA Jacob K. K., Stanley F. M.
RT Elk-1, C/EBPalpha, and Pit-1 confer an insulin-responsive phenotype on prolactin promoter expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells and define the factors required for insulin-increased transcription.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 276:24931-24936 (2001).
RN [22]; RE0023924.
RX PUBMED: 11739517.
RA Xu Z., Dziarski R., Wang Q., Swartz K., Sakamoto K. M., Gupta D.
RT Bacterial peptidoglycan-induced tnf-alpha transcription is mediated through the transcription factors Egr-1, Elk-1, and NF-kappaB.
RL J. Immunol. 167:6975-6982 (2001).
RN [23]; RE0024084.
RX PUBMED: 12242287.
RA Murai K., Treisman R.
RT Interaction of serum response factor (SRF) with the Elk-1 B box inhibits RhoA-actin signaling to SRF and potentiates transcriptional activation by Elk-1.
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:7083-7092 (2002).
RN [24]; RE0024249.
RX PUBMED: 15014501.
RA Wang Z., Wang D. Z., Hockemeyer D., McAnally J., Nordheim A., Olson E. N.
RT Myocardin and ternary complex factors compete for SRF to control smooth muscle gene expression.
RL Nature 428:185-189 (2004).
RN [25]; RE0024298.
RX PUBMED: 9880555.
RA Lehmann U., Brocke P., Dittmer J., Nordheim A.
RT Characterization of the human elk-1 promoter. Potential role of a downstream intronic sequence for elk-1 gene expression in monocytes.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 274:1736-1744 (1999).
RN [26]; RE0025147.
RX PUBMED: 8970984.
RA Chan Y. J., Chiou C. J., Huang Q., Hayward G. S.
RT Synergistic interactions between overlapping binding sites for the serum response factor and ELK-1 proteins mediate both basal enhancement and phorbol ester responsiveness of primate cytomegalovirus major immediate-early promoters in monocyte and T-lymphocyte cell types.
RL J. Virol. 70:8590-8605 (1996).
RN [27]; RE0025229.
RX PUBMED: 8614640.
RA Latinkic B. V., Zeremski M., Lau L. F.
RT Elk-1 can recruit SRF to form a ternary complex upon the serum response element.
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 24:1345-1351 (1996).
RN [28]; RE0033804.
RX PUBMED: 15294971.
RA Takeshita F., Suzuki K., Sasaki S., Ishii N., Klinman D. M., Ishii K. J.
RT Transcriptional regulation of the human TLR9 gene.
RL J. Immunol. 173:2552-61 (2004).
RN [29]; RE0035810.
RX PUBMED: 9155018.
RA Fukunaga R., Hunter T.
RT MNK1, a new MAP kinase-activated protein kinase, isolated by a novel expression screening method for identifying protein kinase substrates.
RL EMBO J. 16:1921-1933 (1997).
RN [30]; RE0047561.
RX PUBMED: 15655247.
RA Bourguignon L. Y., Gilad E., Rothman K., Peyrollier K.
RT Hyaluronan-CD44 interaction with IQGAP1 promotes Cdc42 and ERK signaling, leading to actin binding, Elk-1/estrogen receptor transcriptional activation, and ovarian cancer progression.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 280:11961-11972 (2005).
RN [31]; RE0049579.
RX PUBMED: 16533805.
RA Ho D. T., Bardwell A. J., Grewal S., Iverson C., Bardwell L.
RT Interacting JNK-docking sites in MKK7 promote binding and activation of JNK mitogen-activated protein kinases.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 281:13169-13179 (2006).
RN [32]; RE0051948.
RX PUBMED: 16357519.
RA Chakrabarty S., Kondratick L.
RT Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 stimulates proliferation and activates multiple cascades of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in NIH-OVCAR3 human epithelial ovarian cancer cells.
RL Cancer Biol. Ther. 5:189-197 (2006).
RN [33]; RE0052897.
RX PUBMED: 18390540.
RA Kajiya M., Shiba H., Fujita T., Ouhara K., Takeda K., Mizuno N., Kawaguchi H., Kitagawa M., Takata T., Tsuji K., Kurihara H.
RT Brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulates bone/cementum-related protein gene expression in cementoblasts.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 283:16259-16267 (2008).
RN [34]; RE0053467.
RX PUBMED: 14658227.
RA Guizani-Tabbane L., Ouni I., Sassi A., Dellagi K.
RT Leishmania major induces deactivation of extracellular signal regulated kinases 2 in human U937 macrophage like cells.
RL Arch. Inst. Pasteur Tunis 77:45-50 (2000).
RN [35]; RE0055671.
RX PUBMED: 15004180.
RA Bowdish D. M., Davidson D. J., Speert D. P., Hancock R. E.
RT The human cationic peptide LL-37 induces activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 kinase pathways in primary human monocytes.
RL J. Immunol. 172:3758-3765 (2004).
RN [36]; RE0063960.
RX PUBMED: 18556463.
RA Madonna S., Scarponi C., De Pita O., Albanesi C.
RT Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 inhibits IFN-gamma inflammatory signaling in human keratinocytes by sustaining ERK1/2 activation.
RL FASEB J. 22:3287-3297 (2008).
RN [37]; RE0063983.
RX PUBMED: 19265162.
RA Schraufstatter I. U., DiScipio R. G., Zhao M., Khaldoyanidi S. K.
RT C3a and C5a are chemotactic factors for human mesenchymal stem cells, which cause prolonged ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
RL J. Immunol. 182:3827-3836 (2009).
RN [38]; RE0066431.
RX PUBMED: 18604200.
RA Kolev V., Mandinova A., Guinea-Viniegra J., Hu B., Lefort K., Lambertini C., Neel V., Dummer R., Wagner E. F., Dotto G. P.
RT EGFR signalling as a negative regulator of Notch1 gene transcription and function in proliferating keratinocytes and cancer.
RL Nat. Cell Biol. 10:902-911 (2008).
RN [39]; RE0067181.
RX PUBMED: 11313879.
RA Chai Y., Chipitsyna G., Cui J., Liao B., Liu S., Aysola K., Yezdani M., Reddy E. S., Rao V. N.
RT c-Fos oncogene regulator Elk-1 interacts with BRCA1 splice variants BRCA1a/1b and enhances BRCA1a/1b-mediated growth suppression in breast cancer cells.
RL Oncogene 20:1357-1367 (2001).
RN [40]; RE0068606.
RX PUBMED: 19520853.
RA Wang J., Whiteman M. W., Lian H., Wang G., Singh A., Huang D., Denmark T.
RT A non-canonical MEK/ERK signaling pathway regulates autophagy via regulating Beclin 1.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 284:21412-21424 (2009).
XX
//