AC T00167
AS T10203.
XX
ID T00167
XX
DT 15.10.1992 (created); ewi.
DT 22.10.2013 (updated); spk.
CO Copyright (C), QIAGEN.
XX
FA ATF-2-isoform1
XX
SY activating transcription factor 2; ATF-2-xbb4; ATF2; CRE-BP1; CREB2; CREBP1; HB16; TREB-7; TREB7; XBP4 (mouse).
XX
OS human, Homo sapiens
OC eukaryota; animalia; metazoa; chordata; vertebrata; tetrapoda; mammalia; eutheria; primates
XX
GE G000232 ATF2; HGNC: ATF2.
XX
CL C0008; bZIP; 1.1.1.3.1.1.
XX
SZ 505 AA; 54.5 kDa (cDNA) (calc.), 69 kDa (SDS)
XX
SQ MKFKLHVNSARQYKDLWNMSDDKPFLCTAPGCGQRFTNEDHLAVHKHKHEMTLKFGPARN
SQ DSVIVADQTPTPTRFLKNCEEVGLFNELASPFENEFKKASEDDIKKMPLDLSPLATPIIR
SQ SKIEEPSVVETTHQDSPLPHPESTTSDEKEVPLAQTAQPTSAIVRPASLQVPNVLLTSSD
SQ SSVIIQQAVPSPTSSTVITQAPSSNRPIVPVPGPFPLLLHLPSGQTMPVAIPASITSSNV
SQ HVPAAVPLVRPVTMVPSVPGIPGPSSPQPVQSEAKMRLKAALTQQHPPVTNGDTVKGHGS
SQ GLVRTQSEESRPQSLQQPATSTTETPASPAHTTPQTQSTSGRRRRAANEDPDEKRRKFLE
SQ RNRAAASRCRQKRKVWVQSLEKKAEDLSSLNGQLQSEVTLLRNEVAQLKQLLLAHKDCPV
SQ TAMQKKSGYHTADKDDSSEDISVPSSPHTEAIQHSSVSTSNGVSSTSKAEAVATSVLTQM
SQ ADQSTEPALSQIVMAPSSQSQPSGS
XX
SC Swiss-Prot#P15336-1
XX
FT 1 109 
minimal trans-activation domain [25].
FT 1 143 
region supporting E1A responsiveness [1].
FT 25 49 
PF00096; zf-C2H2.
FT 25 49 
PS50157; ZINC_FINGER_C2H2_2.
FT 27 49 
potential zinc finger (Cys2His2 type) [1].
FT 62 62 
serine, PKA phosphorylation site in vitro [16].
FT 69 69 
threonine phosphorylated by JNK [24].
FT 71 71 
threonine phosphorylated by JNK [24].
FT 100 100 
potential PKA phosphorylation site [2].
FT 110 195 
modulation of intramolecular inhibition [25].
FT 121 121 potential PKC phosphorylation site [2].
FT 150 247 missing in CRE-BP2 [7].
FT 167 503 PF00478; IMP dehydrogenase / GMP reductase domain.
FT 340 340 serine, PKC phosphorylation site in vitro [16].
FT 350 414 PF00170; bZIP transcription factor.
FT 350 414 SM00338; brlzneu.
FT 352 415 PS50217; BZIP.
FT 353 377 basic region [2].
FT 367 367 serine, PKC phosphorylation site in vitro [16].
FT 380 408 leucine zipper (L5) [2].
XX
SF Tax interacts with the basic domain and thereby enhances homodimerization [14] [21] [22];
SF this contact alters also the DNA-binding selectivity [21];
SF the zinc finger structure is important for trans-activation by the homodimer [4];
SF bound to DNA, CRE-BP1 interacts with E1A via N-terminal regions comprising the zinc finger motif as essential element [6] [1];
SF in the heterodimer with c-Jun, trans-activation is mainly achieved by the c-Jun moiety [4];
SF no heterodimerization with deltaCREB [11];
SF DNA-bending towards the minor groove when heterodimerized with c-Fos or Fra-2 [13];
SF with c-Jun: binding in the opposite direction, similar to that caused by CRE-BP1 homodimers [13];
XX
EX adrenal gland (right and left),,,adult; very low; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX amygdaloid body,,,adult; none; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX brain,,,adult; very high; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX cerebellum,,,adult; high; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX heart,,,adult; none; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX kidney (right and left),,,adult; high; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX liver,,,adult; none; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX lung (right and left),,,adult; high; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX meninges of brain,,,adult; high; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX meninges of spinal cord,,,adult; high; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX muscles,,,adult; high; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX spinal cord,,,adult; high; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX spleen,,,adult; high; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX stomach,,,adult; high; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX thalamus,,,adult; very low; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
EX thymus,,,adult; high; Northern blot; mRNA (poly-A); [8].
XX
FF activator, cAMP-independent [4];
FF stronger activator as heterodimer with c-Jun than as homodimer [4];
FF activation capability is masked by the bZIP domain by direct intramolecular interaction [25] [1];
FF release of this inhibition depends on an intermediate sequence and works in a cell-specific manner [25];
FF transcriptional activation is stimulated by Rb involving CRE-BP1 in cell cycle control [10];
FF interacts with E1A and places its transactivation domain at a viral promoter;
FF mediates E1A-induced trans-activation through the potential zinc finger (part. important: C27 and C32) and the leucine zipper (in particular 3rd and 4th Leu) [6] [1];
FF altered DNA-binding specificity after complexing with HBV pX or with HTLV-I Tax [14] [15];
FF in vitro phosphorylation by PKA and PKC, function unclear;
FF phosphorylation by a JNK/SAPK kinase of the MAPK family at Thr-69 and Thr-71 is essential for trans-activation [24];
FF mediates activation in response to UV or other cellular stresses [23];
FF activation in response to Rb as well as E1A [24];
FF binding activity can be induced by IL-1 and TPA [27];
XX
IN T00167 ATF-2-isoform1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01017 ATF-2-isoform2; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T01313 ATF-3-isoform1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00051 ATF; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T18798 ATFa-isoform3; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T18808 B-ATF; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T04791 Bach1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T18804 batf3; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00122 c-Fos; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T00123 c-Fos; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T08776 c-Fos; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00131 c-Jun; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T00132 c-Jun; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
IN T00133 c-Jun; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00134 c-Jun; chick, Gallus gallus.
IN T00135 c-Jun; hamster, Cricetulus sp.
IN T08461 c-Jun; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T09524 C/EBPgamma; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T09526 CHOP-10-isoform1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T09550 CREBPA-Alpha; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01308 CREBPA; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00967 E1A 12S protein; adenovirus.
IN T00209 E1A 13S protein; adenovirus type 2.
IN T05984 FosB; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T08989 Fra-1-isoform1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T08990 Fra-2-isoform1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01991 Fra-2; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01980 HMGIY-isoform2; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T08491 JunB; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T08995 JunD; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T34269 NBS1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00593 NF-kappaB1-p50; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00722 pRb; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01384 pX; HBV, human hepatitis B virus.
IN T00594 RelA-p65-isoform1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00793 Tax; HTLV-I, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I.
IN T31844 topoisomerase-II-alpha; human, Homo sapiens.
XX
MX M07312 V$ATF2_Q6.
MX M00981 V$CREBATF_Q6.
MX M00041 V$CREBP1CJUN_01.
MX M00040 V$CREBP1_01.
MX M00179 V$CREBP1_Q2.
MX M00801 V$CREB_Q3.
XX
BS R00343.
BS R00349.
BS R00352.
BS R00356.
BS R00362.
BS R03910.
BS R03924.
BS R03433.
BS R03909.
BS R04111.
BS R04112.
BS R04045.
BS R00807.
BS R02427.
BS R02437.
BS R11553.
BS R08102.
BS R04356.
BS R00288.
BS R00455.
BS R00471.
BS R00592.
BS R14721.
BS R01258.
BS R08493.
BS R04385.
BS R11552.
BS R03918.
BS R03186.
BS R04029.
BS R01559.
BS R00777.
BS R00479.
BS R01067.
BS R01358.
BS R01383.
XX
DR TRANSPATH: MO000019549.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00092.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00093.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00094.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00097.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00099.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00102.
DR TRANSCOMPEL: C00103.
DR EMBL: DQ003037;
DR EMBL: M31630;
DR EMBL: X15875;
DR UniProtKB: P15336-1;
XX
RN [1]; RE0000186.
RX PUBMED: 2142019.
RA Liu F., Green M. R. R.
RT A specific member of the ATF transcription factor family can mediate transcription activation by the adenovirus E1a protein
RL Cell 61:1217-1224 (1990).
RN [2]; RE0000335.
RX PUBMED: 2529117.
RA Maekawa T., Sakura H., Kanei-Ishii C., Sudo T., Yoshimura T., Fujisawa J.-I., Yoshida M., Ishii S.
RT Leucine zipper structure of the protein CRE-BP1 binding to the cyclic AMP response element in brain
RL EMBO J. 8:2023-2328 (1989).
RN [3]; RE0000666.
RX PUBMED: 2516827.
RA Hai T., Liu F., Coukos W. J., Green M. R.
RT Transcription factor ATF cDNA clones: an extensive family of leucine zipper proteins able to selectively form DNA-binding heterodimers
RL Genes Dev. 3:2083-2090 (1989).
RN [4]; RE0001029.
RX PUBMED: 1833393.
RA Matsuda S., Maekawa T., Ishii S.
RT Identification of the functional domains of the transcriptional regulator CRE-BP1
RL J. Biol. Chem. 266:18188-18193 (1991).
RN [5]; RE0001081.
RX PUBMED: 8440710.
RA Nomura N., Zu Y.-L., Maekawa T., Tabata S., Akiyama T., Ishii S.
RT Isolation and characterization of a novel member of the gene family encoding the cAMP response element-binding protein CRE-BP1
RL J. Biol. Chem. 268:4259-4266 (1993).
RN [6]; RE0001107.
RX PUBMED: 1836214.
RA Zu Y.-L., Maekawa T., Matsuda S., Ishii S.
RT Complete putative metal finger and leucine zipper structures of CRE-BP1 are required for the E1A-induced trans-activation
RL J. Biol. Chem. 266:24134-24139 (1991).
RN [7]; RE0001241.
RX PUBMED: 2138707.
RA Ivashkiv L. B., Liou H.-C., Kara C. J., Lamph W. W., Verma I. M., Glimcher L. H.
RT mXBP/CRE-BP2 and c-Jun form a complex which binds to the cyclic AMP, but not to the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, response element
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:1609-1621 (1990).
RN [8]; RE0001462.
RX PUBMED: 2320002.
RA Kara C. J., Liou H.-C., Ivashkiv L. B., Glimcher L. H.
RT A cDNA for a human cyclic AMP response element-binding protein which is distinct from CREB and expressed preferentially in brain
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:1347-1357 (1990).
RN [9]; RE0001663.
RX PUBMED: 1831536.
RA Jones C., Lee K. A. W.
RT E1A-mediated activation of the adenovirus E4 promoter can occur independently of the cellular transcription factor E4F
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:4297-4305 (1991).
RN [10]; RE0001911.
RX PUBMED: 1641004.
RA Kim S.-J., Wagner S., Liu F., O'Reilly M. A., Robbins P. D., Green M. R.
RT Retinoblastoma gene product activates expressionof the human TGF-beta2 gene through transcription factor ATF-2
RL Nature 358:331-334 (1992).
RN [11]; RE0002246.
RX PUBMED: 2138276.
RA Benbrook D. M., Jones N. C.
RT Heterodimer formation between CREB and JUN proteins
RL Oncogene 5:295-302 (1990).
RN [12]; RE0002247.
RX PUBMED: 1832215.
RA Maguire K., Shi X.-P., Horikoshi N., Rappaport J., Rosenberg M., Weinmann R.
RT Interactions between adenovirus E1A and members of the AP-1 family of cellular transcription factors
RL Oncogene 6:1417-1422 (1991).
RN [13]; RE0002561.
RX PUBMED: 1827203.
RA Hai T., Curran T.
RT Cross-family dimerization of transcription factors Fos/Jun and ATF/CREB alters DNA binding specificity
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:3720-3724 (1991).
RN [14]; RE0002710.
RX PUBMED: 8211160.
RA Wagner S., Green M. R.
RT HTLV-I Tax protein stimulation of DNA binding of bZIP proteins by enhancing dimerization
RL Science 262:395-399 (1993).
RN [15]; RE0002717.
RX PUBMED: 1827531.
RA Maguire H. F., Hoeffler J. P., Siddiqui A.
RT HBV X protein alters the DNA binding specificity of CREB and ATF-2 by protein-protein interactions
RL Science 252:842-844 (1991).
RN [16]; RE0003151.
RX PUBMED: 1661585.
RA Sakurai A., Maekawa T., Sudo T., Ishii S., Kishimoto A.
RT Phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein, CRE-BP1, by cAMP-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase c*
RL Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 181:629-635 (1991).
RN [17]; RE0003157.
RX PUBMED: 2196176.
RA Yoshimura T., Fujisawa J.-I., Yoshida M.
RT Multiple cDNA clones encoding nuclear proteins that bind to the tax-dependent enhancer of HTLV-1: all contain a leucine zipper structure and basic amino acid domain
RL EMBO J. 9:2537-2542 (1990).
RN [18]; RE0004148.
RX PUBMED: 7843287.
RA Nakamura T., Okuyama S., Okamoto S., Nakajima T., Sekiya S., Oda K.
RT Down-regulation of the cyclin A promoter in differentiating human embryonal carcinoma cells is mediated by depletion of ATF-1 and ATF-2 in the complex
RL Exp. Cell Res. 216:422-430 (1995).
RN [19]; RE0004521.
RX PUBMED: 7692236.
RA Kaszubska W., Hooft van Huijsduijnen R., Ghersa P., DeRaemy-Schenk A.-M., Chen B. P. C., Hai T., DeLamarter J. F., Whelan J.
RT Cyclic AMP-independent ATF family members interact with NF-kappaB and function in the activation of the E-selectin promoter in response to cytokines
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:7180-7190 (1993).
RN [20]; RE0004643.
RX PUBMED: 8355695.
RA Kerppola T. K., Curran T.
RT Selective DNA bending by a variety of bZIP proteins
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:5479-5489 (1993).
RN [21]; RE0005255.
RX PUBMED: 7637811.
RA Perini G., Wagner S., Green M. R.
RT Recognition of bZIP proteins by the human T-cell leukemia virus transactivator Tax
RL Nature 376:602-605 (1995).
RN [22]; RE0005256.
RX PUBMED: 7637812.
RA Baranger A. M., Palmer C. R., Hamm M. K., Giebler H. A., Brauweiler A., Nyborg J. K., Schepartz A.
RT Mechanism of DNA-binding enhancement by the human T-cell leukaemia virus transcativator Tax
RL Nature 376:606-608 (1995).
RN [23]; RE0005263.
RX PUBMED: 7737130.
RA van Dam H., Wilhelm D., Herr I., Steffen A., Herrlich P., Angel P.
RT ATF-2 is preferentially activated by stress-activated protein kinases to mediate c-jun induction in response to genotoxic agents
RL EMBO J. 14:1798-1811 (1995).
RN [24]; RE0006670.
RX PUBMED: 7824938.
RA Gupta S., Campbell D., Derijard B., Davis R. J.
RT Transcription factor ATF2 regulation by the JNK signal transduction pathway
RL Science 267:389-393 (1995).
RN [25]; RE0006672.
RX PUBMED: 8598283.
RA Li X.-Y., Green M. R.
RT Intramolecular inhibition of activating transcription factor-2 function by its DNA-binding domain
RL Genes Dev. 10:517-527 (1996).
RN [26]; RE0013937.
RX PUBMED: 7624151.
RA De Cesare D., Vallone D., Caracciolo A., Sassone-Corsi P., Nerlov C., Verde P.
RT Heterodimerization of c-Jun with ATF-2 and c-Fos is required for positive and negative regulation of the human urokinase enhancer
RL Oncogene 11:365-376 (1995).
RN [27]; RE0013940.
RX PUBMED: 10454570.
RA Cirillo G., Casalino L., Vallone D., Caracciolo A., De Cesare D., Verde P.
RT Role of distinct mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and cooperation between Ets-2, ATF-2, and Jun family members in human urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene induction by interleukin-1 and tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:6340-6252 (1999).
RN [28]; RE0020965.
RX PUBMED: 10777545.
RA Fuchs S. Y., Tappin I., Ronai Z.
RT Stability of the ATF2 transcription factor is regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation
RL J. Biol. Chem. 275:12560-12564 (2000).
RN [29]; RE0047941.
RX PUBMED: 8387155.
RA Kroll D. J., Sullivan D. M., Gutierrez-Hartmann A., Hoeffler J. P.
RT Modification of DNA topoisomerase II activity via direct interactions with the cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate response element-binding protein and related transcription factors.
RL Mol. Endocrinol. 7:305-318 (1993).
RN [30]; RE0048287.
RX PUBMED: 12805554.
RA Newman J. R., Keating A. E.
RT Comprehensive identification of human bZIP interactions with coiled-coil arrays.
RL Science 300:2097-2101 (2003).
RN [31]; RE0055309.
RX PUBMED: 17875734.
RA Chen D., Reierstad S., Lin Z., Lu M., Brooks C., Li N., Innes J., Bulun S. E.
RT Prostaglandin E(2) induces breast cancer related aromatase promoters via activation of p38 and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase in adipose fibroblasts.
RL Cancer Res. 67:8914-8922 (2007).
RN [32]; RE0065087.
RX PUBMED: 17652082.
RA Patel D. N., King C. A., Bailey S. R., Holt J. W., Venkatachalam K., Agrawal A., Valente A. J., Chandrasekar B.
RT Interleukin-17 stimulates C-reactive protein expression in hepatocytes and smooth muscle cells via p38 MAPK and ERK1/2-dependent NF-kappaB and C/EBPbeta activation.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 282:27229-27238 (2007).
RN [33]; RE0067905.
RX PUBMED: 15916964.
RA Bhoumik A., Takahashi S., Breitweiser W., Shiloh Y., Jones N., Ronai Z.
RT ATM-dependent phosphorylation of ATF2 is required for the DNA damage response.
RL Mol. Cell 18:577-587 (2005).
RN [34]; RE0068114.
RX PUBMED: 12110590.
RA Ouwens D. M., de Ruiter N. D., Van der Zon G. C., Carter A. P., Schouten J., van der Burgt C., Kooistra K., Bos J. L., Maassen J. A., van Dam H.
RT Growth factors can activate ATF2 via a two-step mechanism: phosphorylation of Thr71 through the Ras-MEK-ERK pathway and of Thr69 through RalGDS-Src-p38.
RL EMBO J. 21:3782-3793 (2002).
XX
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