AC T01345
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ID T01345
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DT 25.10.1994 (created); ewi.
DT 12.03.2015 (updated); pro.
CO Copyright (C), QIAGEN.
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FA RXR-alpha
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SY NR2B1; retinoid X receptor alpha; RXR; RXR-alpha; RXRA.
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OS human, Homo sapiens
OC eukaryota; animalia; metazoa; chordata; vertebrata; tetrapoda; mammalia; eutheria; primates
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GE G004834 RXRA; HGNC: RXRA.
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CL C0002; CC (rec); 2.1.3.1.1.
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SF forms heterodimers with a number of different nuclear receptors: RAR-alpha, -beta, -gamma, TR-alpha, ARP-1, PPAR-alpha, VDR as well as homodimers [11] [14];
SF can form heterodimers with CAR, LXR, FXR, FXRbeta [15];
SF for heterodimers, see ;
SF forms a heterodimeric complex with T3R-alpha during muscle cell differentiation [9];
SF NMR: (like in GR and ER) the DNA binding domain of RXR consists of two perpendicularly oriented helices and (unlike in GR and ER) an additional third helix immediately after the second zinc finger, the latter mediates both protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions required for cooperative, dimeric binding of the RXR DBD to DNA [8];
SF RXR-alpha binds preferentially to the upstream half-site of a direct repeat when binding as heterodimer with RAR-alpha or T3R-beta;
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CP (adult:) keratinocytes, epidermis [1]; SK-N-BE(2)C cells [23].
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FF activator;
FF as a heterodimer with different nuclear receptors provides activation by distinct signals;
FF agonist ligand: 9-cis-Retinoic Acid;
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IN T02872 beta-catenin; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T05312 CAR; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
IN T00148 COUP-TF1; chick, Gallus gallus.
IN T00149 COUP-TF1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00994 COUP-TF1; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T00045 COUP-TF2; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00147 COUP; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
IN T00217 EcR; fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster.
IN T02764 ER-beta; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
IN T05174 FOR1; clawed frog, Xenopus laevis.
IN T05175 FOR2; clawed frog, Xenopus laevis.
IN T05309 FXR-isoform3; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T04498 FXR-isoform4; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T02753 FXR; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T04494 FXR; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
IN T05076 GR; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T02752 LXR-alpha; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T04430 LXR-alpha; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T04451 LXR-beta; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
IN T04453 LXR-beta; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T04467 LXR-beta; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T00513 MR; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00719 NR1B1-isoform1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01327 NR1B1; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T01356 NR1B1; clawed frog, Xenopus laevis.
IN T05299 NR1B1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01326 NR1B2-isoform2; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00721 NR1B2; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01328 NR1B2; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T01443 Nrf2; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T02742 NURR1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T16208 PGC-1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00694 PPARalpha; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T02745 PPARdelta; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T04781 PPARdelta; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T02529 PPARgamma1; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T02736 PPARgamma1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T03731 PPARgamma2; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T05351 PPARgamma; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T10937 PPARgamma; Vertebrata.
IN T04618 PXR-isoform1; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T04619 PXR-isoform2; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T08949 PXR; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01330 RAR-gamma1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00720 RAR-gamma; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01329 RAR-gamma; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T01345 RXR-alpha; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T02738 SHP; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T04597 SKIP; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T04689 SMRT; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T04632 SRC-1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T04640 SRC3; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T04759 STAT1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01152 T3R-alpha1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01173 T3R-alpha2; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T00838 T3R-alpha; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00841 T3R-alpha; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
IN T01351 T3R-alpha; chick, Gallus gallus.
IN T00851 T3R-beta1; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00852 T3R-beta; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
IN T08264 T3R-beta; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00818 TFIIB; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T02143 TIF1; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T30562 tuberin; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T00882 VDR; rat, Rattus norvegicus.
IN T00883 VDR; mouse, Mus musculus.
IN T00884 VDR; chick, Gallus gallus.
IN T00885 VDR; human, Homo sapiens.
IN T01369 VDR; pig, Sus scrofa.
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MX M00966 V$DR3_Q4.
MX M00965 V$DR4_Q2.
MX M07280 V$NR1NR2_Q3.
MX M00518 V$PPARA_02.
MX M04787 V$RXRA_07.
MX M04860 V$RXRA_09.
MX M04922 V$RXRA_10.
MX M08968 V$RXRA_12.
MX M02272 V$RXRRAR_01.
MX M00963 V$T3R_Q6.
XX
BS R23539.
BS R09965.
BS R01465.
BS R04803.
BS R10027.
BS R10030.
BS R03017.
BS R00135.
BS R21368.
BS R27686.
BS R32054.
BS R32055.
BS R65069.
BS R65667.
BS R65671.
BS R01321.
BS R22381.
BS R22382.
BS R27842.
BS R66743.
BS R02595.
BS R58685.
BS R10003.
BS R04758.
BS R03931.
BS R03524.
XX
DR TRANSPATH: MO000019619.
DR UniProtKB: P19793; RXRA_HUMAN.
DR PDB: 1lbd.
XX
RN [1]; RE0000789.
RX PUBMED: 1312497.
RA Mangelsdorf D. J., Borgmeyer U., Heyman R. A., Zhou J. Y., Ong E. S., Oro A. E., Kakizuka A., Evans R. M.
RT Characterization of three RXR genes that mediate the action of 9-cis retinoic acid
RL Genes Dev. 6:329-344 (1992).
RN [2]; RE0000792.
RX PUBMED: 8392479.
RA Kurokawa R., Yu V. C., Naeaer A., Kyakumoto S., Han Z., Silverman S., Rosenfeld M. G., Glass C. K.
RT Differential orientations of the DNA-binding domain and carboxy-terminal dimerization interface regulate binding site selection by nuclear receptor heterodimers
RL Genes Dev. 7:1423-1435 (1993).
RN [3]; RE0000793.
RX PUBMED: 8392478.
RA Perlmann T., Rangarajan P. N., Umesono K., Evans R. M.
RT Determinants for selective RAR and TR recognition of direct repeat HREs
RL Genes Dev. 7:1411-1422 (1993).
RN [4]; RE0001917.
RX PUBMED: 1310350.
RA Zhang X. K., Hoffmann B., Tran P. B.-V., Graupner G., Pfahl M.
RT Retinoid X receptor is an auxiliary protein for thyroid hormone and retinoic acid receptors
RL Nature 355:441-446 (1992).
RN [5]; RE0001919.
RX PUBMED: 1309942.
RA Levin A. A., Sturzenbecker L. J., Kazmer S., Bosakowski T., Huselton C., Allenby G., Speck J., Kratzeisen C., Rosenberger M., Lovey A., Grippo J. F.
RT 9-cis retinoic acid stereoisomer binds and activates the nuclear receptor RXRalpha
RL Nature 355:359-361 (1992).
RN [6]; RE0001920.
RX PUBMED: 2159111.
RA Mangelsdorf D. J., Ong E. S., Dyck J. A., Evans R. M.
RT Nuclear receptor that identifies a novel retinoic acid response pathway
RL Nature 345:224-229 (1990).
RN [7]; RE0002571.
RX PUBMED: 1311101.
RA Kliewer S. A., Umesono K., Heyman R. A., Mangelsdorf D. J., Dyck J. A., Evans R. M.
RT Retinoid X receptor COUP-TF interactions modulate retinoic acid signaling
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:1448-1452 (1992).
RN [8]; RE0002713.
RX PUBMED: 8388124.
RA Lee M. S., Kliewer S. A., Provencal J., Wright P. E., Evans R. M.
RT Structure of the retinoid X receptor alpha DNA binding domain: a helix required for homodimeric DNA binding
RL Science 260:1117-1121 (1993).
RN [9]; RE0003240.
RX PUBMED: 8127707.
RA Muscat G. E. O., Mynett-Johnson L., Dowhan D., Downes M., Griggs R.
RT Activation of MyoD gene transcription by 3, 4, 3'-triiodo-L-thyronine: a direct role for the thyroid hormone and retinoid X receptors
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 22:583-591 (1994).
RN [10]; RE0004734.
RX PUBMED: 8616895.
RA Kamei Y., Xu L., Heinzel T., Torchia J., Kurokawa R., Gloss B., Lin S.-C., Heyman R. A., Rose D. W., Glass C. K., Rosenfeld M. G.
RT A CBP integrator complex mediates transcriptional activation and AP-1 inhibition by nuclear receptors
RL Cell 85:403-414 (1996).
RN [11]; RE0010683.
RX PUBMED: 7651430.
RA Jiang G., Nepomuceno L., Hopkins K., Sladek F. M.
RT Exclusive homodimerization of the orphan receptor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 defines a new subclass of nuclear receptors
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:5131-5143 (1995).
RN [12]; RE0010823.
RX PUBMED: 7566127.
RA Chen J. D., Evans R. M.
RT A transcriptional co-repressor that interacts with nuclear hormone receptors
RL Nature 377:454-457 (1995).
RN [13]; RE0013625.
RX PUBMED: 10219237.
RA Nuclear Receptors Nomenclature Committee.
RT A unified nomenclature system for the nuclear receptor superfamily
RL Cell 97:161-163 (1999).
RN [14]; RE0022229.
RX PUBMED: 10698945.
RA Rastinejad F., Wagner T., Zhao Q., Khorasanizadeh S.
RT Structure of the RXR-RAR DNA-binding complex on the retinoic acid response element DR1.
RL EMBO J. 19:1045-1054 (2000).
RN [15]; RE0023352.
RX PUBMED: 12529392.
RA Otte K., Kranz H., Kober I., Thompson P., Hoefer M., Haubold B., Remmel B., Voss H., Kaiser C., Albers M., Cheruvallath Z., Jackson D., Casari G., Koegl M., Paabo S., Mous J., Kremoser C., Deuschle U.
RT Identification of farnesoid X receptor beta as a novel mammalian nuclear receptor sensing lanosterol.
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:864-872 (2003).
RN [16]; RE0035029.
RX PUBMED: 11714715.
RA Delerive P., Wu Y., Burris T. P., Chin W. W., Suen C. S.
RT PGC-1 functions as a transcriptional coactivator for the retinoid X receptors.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 277:3913-7 (2002).
RN [17]; RE0035800.
RX PUBMED: 10872826.
RA Yi Y. W., Kim D., Jung N., Hong S. S., Lee H. S., Bae I.
RT Gadd45 family proteins are coactivators of nuclear hormone receptors.
RL Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 272:193-198 (2000).
RN [18]; RE0039945.
RX PUBMED: 9841885.
RA Song M. R., Lee S. K., Seo Y. W., Choi H. S., Lee J. W., Lee M. O.
RT Differential modulation of transcriptional activity of oestrogen receptors by direct protein-protein interactions with retinoid receptors
RL Biochem. J. 336:711-7 (1998).
RN [19]; RE0047287.
RX PUBMED: 10707958.
RA Jurutka P. W., Remus L. S., Whitfield G. K., Thompson P. D., Hsieh J. C., Zitzer H., Tavakkoli P., Galligan M. A., Dang H. T., Haussler C. A., Haussler M. R.
RT The polymorphic N terminus in human vitamin D receptor isoforms influences transcriptional activity by modulating interaction with transcription factor IIB
RL Mol. Endocrinol. 14:401-20 (2000).
RN [20]; RE0047333.
RX PUBMED: 12847098.
RA Hsieh J. C., Sisk J. M., Jurutka P. W., Haussler C. A., Slater S. A., Haussler M. R., Thompson C. C.
RT Physical and functional interaction between the vitamin D receptor and hairless corepressor, two proteins required for hair cycling.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 278:38665-38674 (2003).
RN [21]; RE0047662.
RX PUBMED: 10874028.
RA Liu B., Lee H. Y., Weinzimer S. A., Powell D. R., Clifford J. L., Kurie J. M., Cohen P.
RT Direct functional interactions between insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 and retinoid X receptor-alpha regulate transcriptional signaling and apoptosis.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 275:33607-33613 (2000).
RN [22]; RE0050081.
RX PUBMED: 16912044.
RA Choi S. J., Chung S. S., Rho E. J., Lee H. W., Lee M. H., Choi H. S., Seol J. H., Baek S. H., Bang O. S., Chung C. H.
RT Negative modulation of RXRalpha transcriptional activity by small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) modification and its reversal by SUMO-specific protease SUSP1.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 281:30669-30677 (2006).
RN [23]; RE0051475.
RX PUBMED: 16805833.
RA Jeong H., Kim M. S., Kim S. W., Kim K. S., Seol W.
RT Regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression by retinoic acid receptor.
RL J. Neurochem 98:386-394 (2006).
RN [24]; RE0054989.
RX PUBMED: 15604093.
RA Albers M., Kranz H., Kober I., Kaiser C., Klink M., Suckow J., Kern R., Koegl M.
RT Automated yeast two-hybrid screening for nuclear receptor-interacting proteins.
RL Mol. Cell. Proteomics 4:205-213 (2005).
RN [25]; RE0056137.
RX PUBMED: 10377179.
RA Solomon C., White J. H., Kremer R.
RT Mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibits 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-dependent signal transduction by phosphorylating human retinoid X receptor alpha.
RL J. Clin. Invest. 103:1729-1735 (1999).
RN [26]; RE0058934.
RX PUBMED: 11855864.
RA Boudjelal M., Voorhees J. J., Fisher G. J.
RT Retinoid signaling is attenuated by proteasome-mediated degradation of retinoid receptors in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells.
RL Exp. Cell Res. 274:130-137 (2002).
RN [27]; RE0062610.
RX PUBMED: 11606411.
RA Matsushima-Nishiwaki R., Okuno M., Adachi S., Sano T., Akita K., Moriwaki H., Friedman S. L., Kojima S.
RT Phosphorylation of retinoid X receptor alpha at serine 260 impairs its metabolism and function in human hepatocellular carcinoma.
RL Cancer Res. 61:7675-7682 (2001).
RN [28]; RE0062944.
RX PUBMED: 18003614.
RA Macoritto M., Nguyen-Yamamoto L., Huang D. C., Samuel S., Yang X. F., Wang T. T., White J. H., Kremer R.
RT Phosphorylation of the human retinoid X receptor alpha at serine 260 impairs coactivator(s) recruitment and induces hormone resistance to multiple ligands.
RL J. Biol. Chem. 283:4943-4956 (2008).
RN [29]; RE0063261.
RX PUBMED: 16169070.
RA Stelzl U., Worm U., Lalowski M., Haenig C., Brembeck F. H., Goehler H., Stroedicke M., Zenkner M., Schoenherr A., Koeppen S., Timm J., Mintzlaff S., Abraham C., Bock N., Kietzmann S., Goedde A., Toksoz E., Droege A., Krobitsch S., Korn B., Birchmeier W., Lehrach H., Wanker E. E.
RT A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome.
RL Cell 122:957-968 (2005).
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